| Molybdenum | |
| Electrons per shell | 2,8,18,13,1 |
| Electron Configuration | [Kr] 4d5 5s1 ![]() |
| Ground state | 7S3 |
| Atomic Volume | 9.4 cm3 mol-1 |
| Electronegativity | 2.16 |
| Magnetic ordering | No data |
| Mass magnetic susceptibility | 1.17 x 10-8 |
| Molar magnetic susceptibility | 1.122 x 10-9 |
| Speed of sound | 5400 m s-1 |
Thermal Properties |
|
| Enthalpy of Atomization | 653 kJ mol-1 @25°C |
| Enthalpy of Fusion | 27.6 kJ mol-1 |
| Enthalpy of Vaporisation | 589.9 kJ mol-1 |
| Heat Capacity | 24.06 J mol-1 K-1 |
| Thermal Conductivity | 138 W m-1 K-1 |
| Thermal Expansion | 4.8 μm m-1 K-1 |
| Critcal Temperature | No data. |
| Critcal Pressure | No data. |
| Adiabatic index | No data. |
Hardness |
|
| Brinell hardness | 1500 MPa |
| Mohs hardness | 5.5 |
| Vickers hardness | 1530 MPa |
Elastic Properties |
|
| Bulk modulus | 230 GPa |
| Poisson ratio | 0.31 |
| Shear modulus | 20 GPa |
| Young's modulus | 329 GPa |
Electrical Properties |
|
| Electrical resistivity | 5 x 10-8 Ω m |
| Electrical conductivity | 0.187 106/cm Ω |
Chemical Properties |
|
| Electrochemical Equivalent | 0.8949 g Ah-1 |
| Electron Work Function | 4.6 eV |
| Valence Electron Potential (-eV) | 88.6 |
| Ionization Potential | |
| 7.099 | |
| 16.461 | |
| 27.16 | |
| Incompatibilities | Strong oxidizers. |
Flammability |
|
Energy Levels |
|
| 17.47934 KeV | |
| 17.3743 KeV | |
| 19.6083 KeV | |
| 19.9613 KeV | |
| 19.5858 KeV | |
| 2.29316 KeV | |
| 2.28985 KeV | |
| 2.39481 KeV | |
| 2.5183 KeV | |
| 2.4725 KeV | |
| 2.4559 KeV | |
| 2.6235 KeV | |
| 2.12 KeV | |
| 2.0131 KeV | |
Atomic Radii |
|
| 145 pm | |
| 190 pm | |
| 145 pm | |
| No data. | |
| 113 pm | |
| 139 pm | |
Ionic Radii (Å) |
||||
| Charge | Coordination | Crystal | Ionic | Key |
| 3 | VI | 0.83 | 0.69 | E |
| 4 | VI | 0.79 | 0.65 | RM |
| 5 | IV | 0.6 | 0.46 | R |
| VI | 0.75 | 0.61 | R | |
| 6 | IV | 0.55 | 0.41 | R* |
| V | 0.64 | 0.5 | ||
| VI | 0.73 | 0.59 | R* | |
| VII | 0.87 | 0.73 | ||
| R, From r3 vs V plots. |
| C, Calculated from bond length - bond strength equations. |
| E, Estimated. |
| *, Most Reliable. |
| M, From Metallic Oxides. |
| A, Ahrens (1952) Ionic radius. |
| P, Pauling's (1960) Crystal Radius. |
Oxidation States |
|
| Mo+6 | |
| Mo-2, Mo0, Mo+1, Mo+2, Mo+3, Mo+4, Mo+5 | |
Ionisation Energies (kJ mol-1) ![]() |
|
| 685 | |
| 1558 | |
| 2621 | |
| 4480 | |
| 5900 | |
| 6560 | |
| 12230 | |
| 14800 | |
| 16800 | |
| 19700 | |
Vapour Pressure |
||||||
| P (Pa) | 1 | 10 | 100 | 1K | 10K | 100K |
| T (K) | 2742 | 2994 | 3312 | 3707 | 4212 | 4879 |
Crystal Structure |
|
| Body centred cubic | |
![]() |
a = 314.7 pm |
| b = 314.7 pm | |
| c = 314.7 pm | |
| α = 90° | |
| β = 90° | |
| γ = 90° | |