| Sodium | |
| Electrons per shell | 2,8,1 |
| Electron Configuration | [Ne] 3s1 ![]() |
| Ground state | 2S1/2 |
| Atomic Volume | 23.7 cm3 mol-1 |
| Electronegativity | 0.93 |
| Magnetic ordering | Paramagnetic |
| Mass magnetic susceptibility | 6.4 x 10-9 |
| Molar magnetic susceptibility | 1.47 x 10-10 |
| Speed of sound | 3200 m s-1 |
Thermal Properties |
|
| Enthalpy of Atomization | 108.4 kJ mol-1 @25°C |
| Enthalpy of Fusion | 2.64 kJ mol-1 |
| Enthalpy of Vaporisation | 99.2 kJ mol-1 |
| Heat Capacity | 28.230 J mol-1 K-1 |
| Thermal Conductivity | 142 W m-1 K-1 |
| Thermal Expansion | 71 μm m-1 K-1 |
| Critcal Temperature | 2573 K (2300°C) |
| Critcal Pressure | No data. |
| Adiabatic index | No data. |
Hardness |
|
| Brinell hardness | 0.69 MPa |
| Mohs hardness | 0.5 |
Elastic Properties |
|
| Bulk modulus | 6.3 GPa |
| Shear modulus | 3.3 GPa |
| Young's modulus | 10 GPa |
Electrical Properties |
|
| Electrical resistivity | 4.7 x 10-8 Ω m |
| Electrical conductivity | 0.21 106/cm Ω |
Chemical Properties |
|
| Electrochemical Equivalent | 0.85775 g Ah-1 |
| Electron Work Function | 2.75 eV |
| Valence Electron Potential (-eV) | 14.1 |
| Ionization Potential | |
| 5.139 | |
| 47.286 | |
| 71.641 | |
Energy Levels |
|
| 1.04098 KeV | |
| 1.04098 KeV | |
| 1.0711 KeV | |
Atomic Radii |
|
| 180 pm | |
| 190 pm | |
| 154 pm | |
| 227 pm | |
| No data. | |
| 186 pm | |
Ionic Radii (Å) |
||||
| Charge | Coordination | Crystal | Ionic | Key |
| 1 | IV | 1.13 | 0.99 | |
| V | 1.14 | 1 | ||
| VI | 1.16 | 1.02 | ||
| VII | 1.26 | 1.12 | ||
| VIII | 1.32 | 1.18 | ||
| IX | 1.38 | 1.24 | C | |
| XII | 1.53 | 1.39 | ||
| R, From r3 vs V plots. |
| C, Calculated from bond length - bond strength equations. |
| E, Estimated. |
| *, Most Reliable. |
| M, From Metallic Oxides. |
| A, Ahrens (1952) Ionic radius. |
| P, Pauling's (1960) Crystal Radius. |
Oxidation States |
|
| Na+1 | |
| Na-1 (in liquid NH3) | |
Ionisation Energies (kJ mol-1) ![]() |
|
| 495.8 | |
| 4562.4 | |
| 6912 | |
| 9543 | |
| 13353 | |
| 16610 | |
| 20114 | |
| 25490 | |
| 28933 | |
| 141360 | |
Vapour Pressure |
||||||
| P (Pa) | 1 | 10 | 100 | 1K | 10K | 100K |
| T (K) | 554 | 617 | 697 | 802 | 946 | 1153 |
Crystal Structure |
|
| Body centred cubic | |
![]() |
a = 429.06 pm |
| b = 429.06 pm | |
| c = 429.06 pm | |
| α = 90° | |
| β = 90° | |
| γ = 90° | |