| Titanium | |
| Electrons per shell | 2,8,10,2 |
| Electron Configuration | [Ar] 3d2 4s2 ![]() |
| Ground state | 3F2 |
| Atomic Volume | 10.64 cm3 mol-1 |
| Electronegativity | 1.54 |
| Magnetic ordering | No data |
| Mass magnetic susceptibility | 4.01 x 10-8 |
| Molar magnetic susceptibility | 1.919 x 10-9 |
| Speed of sound | 5090 m s-1 |
Thermal Properties |
|
| Enthalpy of Atomization | 468.6 kJ mol-1 @25°C |
| Enthalpy of Fusion | 20.9 kJ mol-1 |
| Enthalpy of Vaporisation | 425.5 kJ mol-1 |
| Heat Capacity | 25.060 J mol-1 K-1 |
| Thermal Conductivity | 21.9 W m-1 K-1 |
| Thermal Expansion | 8.6 μm m-1 K-1 |
| Critcal Temperature | No data. |
| Critcal Pressure | No data. |
| Adiabatic index | No data. |
Hardness |
|
| Brinell hardness | 716 MPa |
| Mohs hardness | 6.0 |
| Vickers hardness | 970 MPa |
Elastic Properties |
|
| Bulk modulus | 110 GPa |
| Poisson ratio | 0.32 |
| Shear modulus | 44 GPa |
| Young's modulus | 116 GPa |
Electrical Properties |
|
| Electrical resistivity | 4.0 x 10-7 Ω m |
| Electrical conductivity | 0.0234 106/cm Ω |
Chemical Properties |
|
| Electrochemical Equivalent | 0.4468 g Ah-1 |
| Electron Work Function | 4.33 eV |
| Valence Electron Potential (-eV) | 95.2 |
| Ionization Potential | |
| 6.82 | |
| 13.58 | |
| 27.491 | |
Energy Levels |
|
| 4.51084 KeV | |
| 4.50486 KeV | |
| 4.93181 KeV | |
| 0.4522 KeV | |
| 0.4522 KeV | |
| 0.4584 KeV | |
| 0.519 KeV | |
| 0.519 KeV | |
| 0.401 KeV | |
| 0.395 KeV | |
Atomic Radii |
|
| 140 pm | |
| 176 pm | |
| 136 pm | |
| No data. | |
| 108 pm | |
| 147 pm | |
Ionic Radii (Å) |
||||
| Charge | Coordination | Crystal | Ionic | Key |
| 2 | VI | 1 | 0.86 | E |
| 3 | VI | 0.81 | 0.67 | R* |
| 4 | IV | 0.56 | 0.42 | C |
| V | 0.65 | 0.51 | C | |
| VI | 0.745 | 0.605 | R* | |
| VIII | 0.88 | 0.74 | C | |
| R, From r3 vs V plots. |
| C, Calculated from bond length - bond strength equations. |
| E, Estimated. |
| *, Most Reliable. |
| M, From Metallic Oxides. |
| A, Ahrens (1952) Ionic radius. |
| P, Pauling's (1960) Crystal Radius. |
Oxidation States |
|
| Ti+4 | |
| Ti-1, Ti0, Ti+2, Ti+3 | |
Ionisation Energies (kJ mol-1) ![]() |
|
| 658 | |
| 1310 | |
| 2652 | |
| 4175 | |
| 9573 | |
| 11516 | |
| 13590 | |
| 16260 | |
| 18640 | |
| 20830 | |
Vapour Pressure |
||||||
| P (Pa) | 1 | 10 | 100 | 1K | 10K | 100K |
| T (K) | 1982 | 2171 | (2403) | 2692 | 3064 | 3558 |
Crystal Structure |
|
| Hexagonal close packed | |
![]() |
a = 295.08 pm |
| b = 295.08 pm | |
| c = 468.55 pm | |
| α = 90° | |
| β = 90° | |
| γ = 120° | |