| Cerium | |
| Electrons per shell | 2,8,18,19,9,2 |
| Electron Configuration | [Xe] 4f1 5d1 6s2 ![]() |
| Ground state | 1G°4 |
| Atomic Volume | 20.67 cm3 mol-1 |
| Electronegativity | 1.12 |
| Magnetic ordering | No data |
| Mass magnetic susceptibility | 2.2 x 10-7 |
| Molar magnetic susceptibility | 3.0826 x 10-8 |
| Speed of sound | 2100 m s-1 |
Thermal Properties |
|
| Enthalpy of Atomization | 381 kJ mol-1 @25°C |
| Enthalpy of Fusion | 8.87 kJ mol-1 |
| Enthalpy of Vaporisation | 398 kJ mol-1 |
| Heat Capacity | 26.94 J mol-1 K-1 |
| Thermal Conductivity | 11.3 W m-1 K-1 |
| Thermal Expansion | 6.3 μm m-1 K-1 |
| Critcal Temperature | No data. |
| Critcal Pressure | No data. |
| Adiabatic index | No data. |
Hardness |
|
| Brinell hardness | 412 MPa |
| Mohs hardness | 2.5 |
| Vickers hardness | 270 MPa |
Elastic Properties |
|
| Bulk modulus | 21.5 GPa |
| Poisson ratio | 0.24 |
| Shear modulus | 13.5 GPa |
| Young's modulus | 33.6 GPa |
Electrical Properties |
|
| Electrical resistivity | 7.4 x 10-7 Ω m |
| Electrical conductivity | 0.0115 106/cm Ω |
Chemical Properties |
|
| Electrochemical Equivalent | 1.7426 g Ah-1 |
| Electron Work Function | 2.84 eV |
| Valence Electron Potential (-eV) | 41.78 |
| Ionization Potential | |
| 5.54 | |
| 10.851 | |
| 20.2 | |
Energy Levels |
|
| 34.7197 KeV | |
| 34.2789 KeV | |
| 39.2573 KeV | |
| 40.2227 KeV | |
| 39.1629 KeV | |
| 4.8402 KeV | |
| 4.823 KeV | |
| 5.2622 KeV | |
| 5.6134 KeV | |
| 5.366 KeV | |
| 5.2772 KeV | |
| 6.052 KeV | |
| 6.3262 KeV | |
| 4.73 KeV | |
| 4.2906 KeV | |
Atomic Radii |
|
| 185 pm | |
| No data. | |
| No data. | |
| No data. | |
| 131 pm | |
| 181.8 pm | |
Ionic Radii (Å) |
||||
| Charge | Coordination | Crystal | Ionic | Key |
| 3 | VI | 1.15 | 1.01 | R |
| VII | 1.21 | 1.07 | E | |
| VIII | 1.283 | 1.143 | R | |
| IX | 1.336 | 1.196 | R | |
| X | 1.39 | 1.25 | ||
| XII | 1.48 | 1.34 | C | |
| 4 | VI | 1.01 | 0.87 | R |
| VIII | 1.11 | 0.97 | R | |
| X | 1.21 | 1.07 | ||
| XII | 1.28 | 1.14 | ||
| R, From r3 vs V plots. |
| C, Calculated from bond length - bond strength equations. |
| E, Estimated. |
| *, Most Reliable. |
| M, From Metallic Oxides. |
| A, Ahrens (1952) Ionic radius. |
| P, Pauling's (1960) Crystal Radius. |
Oxidation States |
|
| Ce+3 | |
| Ce+4 | |
Ionisation Energies (kJ mol-1) ![]() |
|
| 527.4 | |
| 1047 | |
| 1949 | |
| 3547 | |
| 6800 | |
| 8200 | |
| 9700 | |
| 11800 | |
| 13200 | |
| 14700 | |
Vapour Pressure |
||||||
| P (Pa) | 1 | 10 | 100 | 1K | 10K | 100K |
| T (K) | 1992 | 2194 | 2442 | 2752 | 3159 | 3705 |
Crystal Structure |
|
| Hexagonal close packed | |
![]() |
a = 362 pm |
| b = 362 pm | |
| c = 599 pm | |
| α = 90° | |
| β = 90° | |
| γ = 120° | |