| Barium | |
| Electrons per shell | 2,8,18,18,8,2 |
| Electron Configuration | [Xe] 6s2 ![]() |
| Ground state | 1S0 |
| Atomic Volume | 39.24 cm3 mol-1 |
| Electronegativity | 0.89 |
| Magnetic ordering | No data |
| Mass magnetic susceptibility | 1.13 x 10-8 |
| Molar magnetic susceptibility | 1.552 x 10-9 |
| Speed of sound | 1620 m s-1 |
Thermal Properties |
|
| Enthalpy of Atomization | 175.7 kJ mol-1 @25°C |
| Enthalpy of Fusion | 7.66 kJ mol-1 |
| Enthalpy of Vaporisation | 150.9 kJ mol-1 |
| Heat Capacity | 28.07 J mol-1 K-1 |
| Thermal Conductivity | 18.4 W m-1 K-1 |
| Thermal Expansion | 20.6 μm m-1 K-1 |
| Critcal Temperature | No data. |
| Critcal Pressure | No data. |
| Adiabatic index | No data. |
Hardness |
|
| Mohs hardness | 1.25 |
Elastic Properties |
|
| Bulk modulus | 9.6 GPa |
| Shear modulus | 4.9 GPa |
| Young's modulus | 13 GPa |
Electrical Properties |
|
| Electrical resistivity | 3.5 x 10-7 Ω m |
| Electrical conductivity | 0.3 106/cm Ω |
Chemical Properties |
|
| Electrochemical Equivalent | 2.5621 g Ah-1 |
| Electron Work Function | 2.7 eV |
| Valence Electron Potential (-eV) | 21.3 |
| Ionization Potential | |
| 5.212 | |
| 10.004 | |
Energy Levels |
|
| 32.1936 KeV | |
| 31.8171 KeV | |
| 36.3782 KeV | |
| 37.2524 KeV | |
| 36.2977 KeV | |
| 4.46626 KeV | |
| 4.4509 KeV | |
| 4.82753 KeV | |
| 5.1565 KeV | |
| 4.9272 KeV | |
| 4.8528 KeV | |
| 5.5311 KeV | |
| 5.7995 KeV | |
| 4.329 KeV | |
| 3.9587 KeV | |
Atomic Radii |
|
| 215 pm | |
| 253 pm | |
| 198 pm | |
| No data. | |
| 149 pm | |
| 222 pm | |
Ionic Radii (Å) |
||||
| Charge | Coordination | Crystal | Ionic | Key |
| 2 | VI | 1.49 | 1.35 | |
| VII | 1.52 | 1.38 | C | |
| VIII | 1.56 | 1.42 | ||
| IX | 1.61 | 1.47 | ||
| X | 1.66 | 1.52 | ||
| XI | 1.71 | 1.57 | ||
| XII | 1.75 | 1.61 | C | |
| R, From r3 vs V plots. |
| C, Calculated from bond length - bond strength equations. |
| E, Estimated. |
| *, Most Reliable. |
| M, From Metallic Oxides. |
| A, Ahrens (1952) Ionic radius. |
| P, Pauling's (1960) Crystal Radius. |
Oxidation States |
|
| Ba+2 | |
Ionisation Energies (kJ mol-1) ![]() |
|
| 502.8 | |
| 965.1 | |
| 3600 | |
| 4700 | |
| 6000 | |
| 7700 | |
| 9000 | |
| 10200 | |
| 13500 | |
| 15100 | |
Vapour Pressure |
||||||
| P (Pa) | 1 | 10 | 100 | 1K | 10K | 100K |
| T (K) | 911 | 1038 | 1185 | 1388 | 1686 | 2170 |
Crystal Structure |
|
| Body centered cubic | |
![]() |
a = 502.8 pm |
| b = 502.8 pm | |
| c = 502.8 pm | |
| α = 90° | |
| β = 90° | |
| γ = 90° | |